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Energy in Afghanistan
Energy in Afghanistan describes energy and electricity production, consumption, import and export in Afghanistan. Energy policy of Afghanistan describes the politics of Afghanistan related to energy more in detail.
Energy in Afghanistan is primarily provided by hydropower. Two decades of warfare have left the country's power grid badly damaged. As of 2012, approximately 33% of Afghan population has access to electricity and in the capital Kabul, 70% have access to reliable 24hr electricity. Afghanistan generates around 600 megawatts (MW) of electricity mainly from hydropower followed by fossil fuel and solar. Officials from Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (DABS) estimate that the country will need around 3,000 MW to meet its needs by 2020.〔(Electricity only reaches one in three Afghans ). Reuters Jan. 2012〕 The Afghan National Development Strategy has identified alternative energy, such as wind and solar energy, as a high value power source to develop. Alternative energy projects are already being tested across the country, from wind turbines in Panjshir Province to micro hydro dams in Badakhshan, to family-size biogas digesters throughout the country.
==Hydroelectricity==
Hydroelectric plants were built between the 1950s and the mid-1970s, which included the Sarbobi hydroelectric power plant in Kabul Province, the Naghlu in the eastern Nangarhar Province, the Kajaki in Helmand Province and a number of others. Other hydroelectric facilities that were operational as of 2002 included plants at Puli Khumri, Darunta in Nangarhar Province, Dahla in Kandahar Province, and one in Mazar-i-Sharif. Also in operation was the Breshna-Kot Dam in Nangarhar, which had a generating capacity of 11.5 MW. Construction of two more power stations, with a combined capacity of 600 kW, was planned in Charikar City.
The southern region of Afghanistan is lacking adequate electricity due to problems with the Kajaki power plant in Helmand, which has been destroyed and neglected for many years.〔("Re-Engineering Afghanistan: The coalition has spent hundreds of millions trying to give Afghanistan electricity. Unfortunately, it made many of the mistakes it made in Iraq," ) by Glenn Zorpette, ''IEEE Spectrum,'' October 2011〕 A third generating turbine is being added with the assistance of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).〔(Watershed of Waste: Afghanistan’s Kajaki Dam and USAID )〕 This will add 16.5 MW to its generating capacity and eventually provide the southern Afghan cities of Kandahar and Lashkar Gah with 24-hour electricity once the Kajaki project is completed. A number of other water mega dams are being built in different parts of the country, which are mainly for irrigation purposes. Two new dams are under construction in Kunar Province, one of which has the capacity of 1500 MW in Surtak area of the subjected province.〔http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2013/08/26/joint-dam-kunar-river-being-mulled〕〔http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2013/04/10/energy-master-plan-being-implemented〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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